業餘無線電

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原因：Last revision (584376) translating the article is from 2019（在 Talk:業餘無線電# 中討論）

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附註： 請提供模板的第一個位置參數以更詳細的指示。（在 Talk:業餘無線電# 中討論）

業餘無線電愛好者（又稱「火腿」）自從無線電存在的早期就活躍在相關實驗與開發的前沿。在各個無線電頻段上，有多種常用的通信模式。本頁面列舉了AUR中與業餘無線電有關的軟體，其中有些可以獨立運行，但多數處理數字通信的程序則需要配合無線電硬體或者音效卡使用。相關硬體可以購買，也可以自制。

警告： 按國際條約要求，你必須持有政府發放的執照才能使用業餘無線電頻率。但這些條約只是約束信號的發射；只接收業餘無線電信號或下載相關軟體是不違法的。

軟體列表[編輯 | 編輯原始碼]

Hamlib — 為無線電硬體和控制程序之間提供了一個通信界面。它只是用於幫助控制電台等硬體，並不是一個能獨立使用的程序。

https://sourceforge.net/projects/hamlib/ || hamlib^包

Soundmodem — 由Tom Sailer（HB9JNX/AE4WA）編寫，它能將音效卡作為一個分組無線電的數據機，從而能使用多種AX.25通信模式。波特率最高能達到9600bps，但也取決於硬體配置和具體用途。Soundmodem可以在串口上作為一個KISS數據機或者AX.25網絡設備。To use soundmodem as an MKISS network device, the kernel must be re-built with MKISS modules. 該連結中有更多信息：Xastir wiki

以root身份運行soundmodem:

# soundmodem

If you have configured soundmodem as a KISS modem, you will need to change permissions to make it user-readable:

# chmod 666 /dev/soundmodem0

https://web.archive.org/web/20130824024508/http://www.baycom.org/~tom/ham/soundmodem/ || soundmodem^AUR

Grig — 基於Hamlib的簡單的控制程序

http://groundstation.sourceforge.net/grig/ || grig^AUR

gMFSK — 支持多種數字模式，使用hamlib和xlog記錄日誌

http://gmfsk.connect.fi || gmfsk^AUR

lysdr — 高度可自定義的無線電界面程序

https://github.com/gordonjcp/lysdr || not packaged? search in AUR

linrad — SM5BSZ編寫的軟體定義無線電

https://www.sm5bsz.com/linuxdsp/linrad.htm || linrad^AUR

quisk — N2ADR編寫的軟體定義無線電

https://james.ahlstrom.name/quisk/ || quisk^AUR

owx — Command-line utility for programming Wouxun radios using CSV spreadsheets.

http://owx.chmurka.net || owx^AUR

fldigi — W1HKJ開發的GUI程序，支持多種數字通信模式

http://w1hkj.com/Fldigi.html || fldigi^AUR

libfap — APRS包解析程序

http://pakettiradio.net/libfap/ || libfap^AUR

aprx — lightweight APRS digipeater and i-Gate interface

https://thelifeofkenneth.com/aprx/ || aprx^AUR

xdx — 網絡客戶端

https://www.qsl.net/pg4i/linux/xdx.html || xdx^AUR

qsstv — 慢掃描電視

|| qsstv^AUR

linpsk — PSK31

|| linpsk^AUR

xpsk31 — PSK31，GUI使用GTK+

https://www.qsl.net/5b4az/pkg/psk31/xpsk31/xpsk31.html || xpsk31^AUR

AX.25[編輯 | 編輯原始碼]

AX.25 — 一個廣泛應用於分組無線電的數據鏈路層協議。它既支持有線連接（如keyboard-to-keyboard contacts, access to local bulletin board systems, and DX clusters），也支持無線連接（如APRS）。Linux內核中有對AX.25的原生支持。這裡有更多信息：guide AUR中有以下軟體可用：

ax25-apps^AUR
ax25-tools^AUR
libax25^AUR
node^AUR

http://www.ax25.net/ || present in stock kernel

WSJT (Weak Signal Communication by K1JT) — offers a rich variety of features, including specific digital protocols optimized for meteor scatter, ionospheric scatter, and EME (moonbounce) at VHF/UHF, as well as HF skywave propagation. WSJT的開發者是諾貝爾物理學獎得主Joe Taylor，無線電呼號為KIJT。The program can decode fraction-of-a-second signals reflected from ionized meteor trails and steady signals 10 dB below the audible threshold.
WSJT is in ongoing, active development by a team of programmers led by K1JT. WSJT (and the related program WSPR) has the option of being configured with

$ ./configure --enable-g95

or

$ ./configure --enable-gfortran

If you build with one and experience problems, edit PKGBUILD to try the other.
WSJT requires access to the serial port; see the note in the Interfacing section above about the uucp group.

https://www.physics.princeton.edu/pulsar/K1JT/ || wsjt-svn^AUR

WSPR[編輯 | 編輯原始碼]

WSPR (Weak Signal Propagation Reporter, pronounced whisper) — enables the probing of propagation paths on the amateur radio bands using low power transmissions. It was introduced in 2008 by K1JT following the success and widespread adoption of WSJT by the amateur radio community. Stations with Internet access can automatically upload their reception reports to a central database called WSPRnet, which includes a mapping facility

https://physics.princeton.edu/pulsar/K1JT/wspr.html || wspr-svn^AUR

Xastir[編輯 | 編輯原始碼]

Xastir — stands for X Amateur Station and Information Reporting. It works with APRS, an amateur radio-based system for real time tactical digital communications. Xastir is an open-source program that provides full-featured, client-side access to APRS. It is currently in a state of active development.
Xastir is highly flexible and there are a wide variety of ways it can be configured. For example, it can be evaluated without radio hardware if an Internet connection is available. The wiki at xastir.org is very thorough and gives excellent information on its range of capabilities and setup.
An optional speech feature can be enabled with the festival^包 package; you will also need a speaker package such as festival-en or festival-english. If you want this option, festival must be installed on your system before building xastir. Launch festival before the xastir program is started for speech to function properly:

$ festival --server

or you can write a simple script to automate the sequential starting process. There may be problems if other programs such as a media player are accessing sound simultaneously.
The PKGBUILD automatically downloads an 850 kB bundle of .wav files and places them here: /usr/share/xastir/sounds/.
These are audio alarm recordings of a North American English speaker that do not require the presence of festival to render. The audio play command `play' in the configure menu may not work; try `aplay' instead.

http://www.xastir.org || xastir^AUR

數字語音[編輯 | 編輯原始碼]

FreeDV — 是一個用於 HF 頻段的數字語音模式。它使用的是開源免費的 Codec2 語音編解碼器，有著窄帶寬、低數據速率的特點，特別適用於短波無線電通聯。使用FreeDV所需要的只有一台運行Free DV GUI程序的計算機，以及 SSB 模式的電台。對於 Arch Linux，FreeDV 和 Codec2 都可以從 AUR 獲取到。兩者都需要安裝好才能使用 FreeDV！