Ceph

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Ceph 是一個專注於分布式的、彈性可擴展的、高可靠的、性能優異的存儲系統平台，可用於為虛擬機提供塊存儲方案或通過 FUSE 提供常規的文件系統。Ceph 是個高度可配置的系統，管理者可以控制系統的各個方面。它提供了一個命令行界面用於監視和控制其存儲集群。Ceph 也包含鑑證和授權功能，可兼容多種存儲網關接口，如 OpenStack Swift 和 Amazon S3。

引自 Wikipedia: Ceph (software):

Ceph is a free software storage platform designed to present object, block, and file storage from a single distributed computer cluster. Ceph's main goals are to be completely distributed without a single point of failure, scalable to the exabyte level, and freely-available. The data is replicated, making it fault tolerant.

引自 Ceph.com:

Ceph is a distributed object store and file system designed to provide excellent performance, reliability and scalability.

警告： 推薦使用官方部署工具安裝 Ceph 。該工具通過 SSH 連接到目標機器並自動完成安裝、配置和系統管理。官方部署工具(ceph-deploy)目前尚不支持 Arch Linux ，不能使用快速安裝方式^{[失效鏈接 2020-12-20 ⓘ]} 部署，只能按官方文檔手工部署^{[失效鏈接 2020-12-20 ⓘ]}。因此本文目前僅介紹手工部署方法。

The official documentation states^{[失效鏈接 2020-12-20 ⓘ]} "the manual procedure is primarily for exemplary purposes for those developing deployment scripts with Chef, Juju, Puppet, etc.".

術語[編輯 | 編輯原始碼]

提示：官方文檔^{[失效鏈接 2020-12-20 ⓘ]}提供了完整的術語表

Client : Something which connects to a Ceph cluster to access data but is not part of the Ceph cluster itself.
MONs : Also known as monitors, these store cluster state and maps containing information about the cluster such as running services and data locations.
MDSs : Also known as metadata servers, these store metadata for the Ceph filesystem to reduce load on the storage cluster (e.g. information for commands such as ls).
Node : A machine which is running Ceph services, such as OSDs or MONs.
OSDs : Also known as OSD daemons, these are responsible for the storage of data within the cluster and also conduct various related operations such as replication, recovery, and rebalancing.
Storage cluster : The core set of software responsible for storing data (OSDs+MONs).

安裝[編輯 | 編輯原始碼]

軟件包[編輯 | 編輯原始碼]

可以從官方源安裝ceph^包。如果願意冒險，也可以安裝開發版的 ceph-git^AUR。

存儲集群的所有節點都要安裝 ceph^包。

NTP 客戶端[編輯 | 編輯原始碼]

警告： 應當同步監視器節點的時鐘以避免時鐘偏移^{[損壞的鏈接：無效的章節]}，否則將導致集群性能下降甚至停止工作。官方文檔^{[失效鏈接 2020-12-20 ⓘ]}建議所有節點都應採取某種方式同步時鐘。

在節點上安裝並運行時鐘同步客戶端，可參閱時鐘同步。

啟動一個存儲集群[編輯 | 編輯原始碼]

Before a storage cluster can operate, the monitors for that cluster must be bootstrapped with several identifiers and keyrings.

The upstream Ceph documentation is well-written and kept updated with the latest releases.

To boostrap a storage cluster, follow the steps documented in the official manual deployment guide^{[失效鏈接 2020-12-20 ⓘ]}.

啟動一個監視器[編輯 | 編輯原始碼]

Since your system most likely uses systemd, you can enable a monitor as a systemd unit.

As an example, for a monitor named node1 start and enable ceph-mon@node1.service as detailed in Systemd#Using units.

參閱[編輯 | 編輯原始碼]

官方網站
- 主頁
- 文檔^{[失效鏈接 2020-12-20 ⓘ]}
官方源碼下載
- GitHub organization
- Ceph

Ceph中國社區